In this study it was attempted to quantify the changes of universal soil loss equation kfactor and its soil driving factors in three land uses including rangeland, rainfed farming, and orchards in babolrood watershed, northern iran. Learn more about using the different versions of integrate materials download a pdf of all web pages for the student materials. Rainfall erosivity factor rfactor the rfactor represents the erosive force of. Estimation of soil erosion for a sustainable land use. Method factsheet rusle revised universal soil loss. The erosivity of rainfall varies greatly by location. Download our english dictionary apps available for both ios and android. Microrelief characteristics control erodibility and erosivity, which will significantly influence wind erosion and dust emission. Rusle2 user ref guide submitted 051508sd purdue university. Pdf the rainfall erosivity r and soil erodibility k factors of the universal soil loss equation usle were determined on two sites. Soil erodibility is the possibilities of soil to detach and carried away during rainfall and runoff. Gis data layers including, rainfall erosivity r, soil erodibility k, slope length and steepness ls, cover management c and conservation practice p factors are computed to determine their effects on average annual soil loss in the area.
Because rainfall erosivity data is not available for download in an arcgis. Soil science society of america journal abstract soil. North carolina state university, 920 main campus dr. Rusle k values california state water resources control. Therefore, in future more advanced and certainly much more complicated processorientated models may become more important, models that simulate the processes of soil detachment, overland flow and sedimentation. Erosion prediction revised universal soil loss equation rusle the revised universal soil loss equation rusle is an easily and widely used computer program that estimates rates of soil erosion caused by rainfall and associated overland flow.
Wanga a school of geography, beijing normal university, key laboratory of environmental change and natural disaster. Rainfall erosivity factor calculator water data and tools. Download our english dictionary apps available for both ios and. Estimation of rainfall erosivity using 5 to 60minute fixedinterval rainfall data from china s. Estimation of soil erosion risk using the universal soil. The main constraint encountered in the process of operating the gis is the calculation of the slope length factor l. These factors result in changes that render the soil susceptible to erosion and degradation and need to be considered in. Estimation of rainfall erosivity using 5 to 60minute. Erosivity definition of erosivity by medical dictionary.
Thus, erosion is a function of the erosivity of the rain and the erodibility of the soil. Human induced soil degradation and erosion are between the biggest environmental challenges of the xxi century. Influence of soil erosion and conservation practices on. Guy lefebvre, karol rohan, and, jeanpierre milette. The cfactor values were computed from existing cropping patterns in the catchment, including corn. This factor also correlated with the siltfine sand soil population. An official website of the united states government. Erodibility and infiltration characteristics of five major. Method factsheet rusle revised universal soil loss equation. Pdf isolating erosivity and erodibility components in erosion by. We discuss the implications to soil erosion control and sustainable development of chinas water resources in the 21. Version 2 of the revised universal soil loss equation rusle2 estimates soil loss from rill and interrill sheet and rill erosion caused by rainfall and its associated overland flow. Because the mechanics behind erosion depend upon the competence and coherence of the material, erodability is treated in different ways depending on the type of. Erosioncontrol planners should consider information generated by rusle2 to be only one set of.
The resulting value is called the rainfallrunoff erosivity factor, abbreviated with the letter r. Conceptually, rainfall erosivity is the capacity of rain to produce erosion, whereas soil erodibility is the susceptibility of the soil to be eroded. The effect of erodibility on dust occurrence remains poorly understood. Rainfall erosivity was calculated using data from rainfall gauging stations installed in the study area and the recommended method from. This study will advance the science of ecological monitoring and demonstrate techniques for regionalscale assessment of the condition of aquatic resources in the western united states epa regions 8, 9, 10, and new mexico. Soil erodibility assessment for erosion management in sokoto. Rainfall and runoff erosivity r factor student materials. Erosivity is a measure of the potential ability of soil, regolith, or other weathered material to. Sustainability free fulltext evaluation of climatic and. Erodibility definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Wanga a school of geography, beijing normal university, key laboratory of environmental change and natural disaster, ministry of education, beijing, china b usdaars, southwest watershed research center, united states. The rusle2 database and its rules and procedures are all used to describe a sitespecific condition and, given a description to estimate erosion.
Tillage erosion is described in terms of landscape erodibility and tillage erosivity. In this study, we proposed a composite erodibility index dust occurrence ratio, dor and examined its interannual variation at a typical steppe site abagaqi in xilingol grassland, china, during spring of 1974. Using a hydrolgic model and an erosivity model, we predict how the two variables will change under future climate change conditions. Epa has updated its rainfall erosivity factor calculator to correct known problems and to use updated data from the natural resources conservation services nrcs revised universal soil loss equation, version 2 rusle2 database. Data have been collected from 1,541 precipitation stations in all. Evaluation of annual rainfall erosivity index based on. Landscape erodibility is the propensity of a landscape to be eroded by tillage, and is a junction slope gradient. The purpose of this study is to assess rainfall erosivity in europe in the form of the rusle rfactor, based on the best available datasets. Slopes in the catchment varied between 0 and 53% with steeper slopes having overall lsvalues of over 17.
Potential impacts of climate change on rainfall erosivity and water availability in china in the next 100 years ge sun1, steven g. Estimation of soil erosion risk using the universal soil loss. Mcnulty 2, jennifer moore2, corey bunch1, and jian ni3 1. Microrelief characteristics control erodibility and erosivity. Vulnerability of soil separates to detachment by water is described as soil erodibility by universal soil loss equation which can be affected by land use change. Information is cataloged in the database according to a zone number. Difference between erosivity and erodibility soil erosion. In this article we will discuss about erosivity and soil erodibility. Morgans b o o k does n o t examine the socioeconomic forces causing these increased risks, but coolly and analytically investigates the processes of soil erosion, emphasising the physical relationships between the factors of wind and rain erosivity and soil erodibility. Aug 01, 2016 read roles of soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity and land use in affecting soil erosion at the basin scale, agricultural water management on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. It is defined as the potential ability of rain to cause the erosion. Erosivity and erodibility in encyclopedia of environmental management.
Data have been collected from 1,541 precipitation stations in all european unioneu member states and switzerland, with temporal resolutions of 5 to 60 minutes. Scientists are certain that changes in climate and land use will affect the erodibility of soils and regoliths and also the erosivity of rainstorms nearing et al. The soil erodibility factor, k for the area is greater than 0. Soil erodibility and rainfall erosivity are two important physical factors that affect the magnitude of soil erosion. Potential impacts of climate change on rainfall erosivity and. Estimation of rainfall erosivity using 5 to 60minute fixed. The united states environmental protection agencys environmental monitoring and assessment program emap is conducting a study in the western united states. Each class contains an approximately equal number count of features. Erosivity definition of erosivity by the free dictionary. Erosivity is the term used to describe the potential of raindrop impact, runoff from snowmelt. Soil erodibility is an estimate of the ability of soils to resist erosion based on the physical characteristics of each soil. In the lushi basin, there are mainly four soil types. By multiplying these factors, the me an relative soil loss in tons per hectare per year is calculated.
Downloadable versions of the instructor materials are available from this location on the instructor materials pages. Predicting of soil erosion with regarding to rainfall erosivity and soil. Evaluation of annual rainfall erosivity index based on daily. Factors c and p, related to human influence cover management and soil management, are. A high erodability implies that the same amount of work exerted by the erosion processes leads to a larger removal of material. The information in the storm erosivity object describes how erosivity varies during the year as a function of zones or regions.
Results also show that the study area has high rainfall erosivity hence making it very susceptible to erosion. Refer to the usdanrcs soil survey manual for proce. The student materials are available for offline viewing below. Erodability or erodibility is the inherent yielding or nonresistance of soils and rocks to erosion. Lal c a department of agronomy, the pennsyloania state unioersity, 116 asi building, unioersity park, pa 168023504, usa b usdaarsnational soil erosion research laboratory, 1196 soil building, purdue unioersity. Relationship between soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity and. Erodibility and erosivity soil erosion research methods taylor. Please view the pdf by using the full text pdf link under view to the left. Erodibility definition of erodibility by the free dictionary. Finally, for potential soil erosion risk map overlay analysis is performed on erodibility, erosivity and slope which is classified into low 05 index, moderate 511 index and. Once provided with this set of data, t he rusle model links erosion factors influencing soil erodibility k factor, erosivity r facto r, land cover and management c factor, slope length l fact or and slope s factor. It is dependent on the physical characteristics of rainfall, which include raindrop size, drop size distribution, kinetic energy, terminal velocity etc. The results indicate that canadian structured clays are very resistant to erosion if intact and unweathered.
Assessing rainfall erosivity from monthly precipitation data. Soil erodibility is the inhere nature of soil, and each soil type has a unique value. Sustainability free fulltext evaluation of climatic. Rainfall erosivity factor calculator for small construction. Read roles of soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity and land use in affecting soil erosion at the basin scale, agricultural water management on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Garciaruiz, in badlands dynamics in a context of global change, 2018. Erodibility and erosivity are important terms of the usle and their assessment is outlined in detail. From technical guide to rusle use in michigan, nrcsusda state office of michigan. Relationship between soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity.
Soil erosion prediction using rusle for central kenyan. K soil erodibility factor for specific soil horizon. Roles of soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity and land use. Soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity and land use change. The same holds for estimating plant cover and soil management effects on. Rusle2, like other mathematical models, uses a system of equations to compute erosion. A perspective and chinese experiences bin wang a,b, fenli zheng a,b. Rainfall erosivity factor calculator water data and. Combined effects of soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity and land use on soil erosion. A quantile classification is wellsuited to linearly.
Approximately 70 percent of the erosivity occurs in the months of may, june, july and august in michigan. Soil erodibility assessment for erosion management in. Erosivity definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Soil erosion by water is one of the major threats to soils in the north of morocco. Soil science society of america journal abstract soilerodibility evaluations for soils on the runoff and erosion. Global rainfall erosivity esdac european commission. Download a pdf of all web pages for the student materials. Erodibility and infiltration characteristics of five major soils of southwest spain s.
The amount of erosion will, therefore, depend upon the combination of the power of the rain to cause erosion and the ability of the soil to withstand erosion. The soil object includes information on soil erodibility, soil texture, hydrologic soil group, and rock cover. This paper proposes a new laboratory technique for the study of the erodibility of natural intact clays and presents results of a testing program on three canadian clays. Soil science society of america journal abstract soilerodibility evaluations for soils on the runoff and erosion stations 1 view my binders.
Erodibility definition and meaning collins english. Data have been collected from 1541 precipitation stations in all european union eu member states and switzerland, with temporal resolutions of 5 to 60 min. Potential impacts of climate change on rainfall erosivity. The manner by which the soil erodibility factor is determined from plot data ensures that the longterm average annual soil. R rainfall erosivity factor, expressed by an average erosion index. These student materials complement the a growing concern instructor materials. Rusle2 uses six factors for climatic erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length, slope steepness, covermanagement, and support practices to compute soil loss. The rainfall erosivity factor calculator can be used to help determine if your small construction site qualifies for stormwater discharge waivers.
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